BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
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| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Basis of Presentation
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).
On March 9, 2023 (the "Ermont Acquisition Date"), the Company acquired the operating assets of Ermont, Inc. ("Ermont"), a medical-licensed vertical cannabis operator located in Quincy, Massachusetts (the "Ermont Acquisition"). The financial results of Ermont are included in the Company's consolidated financial statements since the Ermont Acquisition Date.
On April 27, 2022 (the “Kind Acquisition Date”), the Company acquired Kind Therapeutics USA (“Kind”), the Company's former client in Maryland that holds licenses for the cultivation, production, and dispensing of medical cannabis (the “Kind Acquisition”). The financial results of Kind are included in the Company's consolidated financial statements for the periods subsequent to the Kind Acquisition Date.
The Company completed two acquisitions during the year ended December 31, 2022 that it recorded as asset purchases. On May 5, 2022 (the "Green Growth Acquisition Date"), the Company completed the acquisition of 100% of the equity ownership of Green Growth Group Inc. (“Green Growth”), an entity that holds a craft cultivation and production cannabis license in the state of Illinois (the “Green Growth Acquisition”). On December 30, 2022 (the "Greenhouse Naturals Acquisition Date"), the Company completed an asset purchase under which it acquired the cannabis license and assumed a property lease for a dispensary in Beverly, Massachusetts that had never been operational (the "Greenhouse Naturals Acquisition").
Certain reclassifications, not affecting previously reported net income or cash flows, have been made to the previously issued financial statements to conform to the current period presentation.
Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of MariMed Inc. and its majority-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.
Noncontrolling Interests
Noncontrolling interests represent third-party minority ownership of the Company’s consolidated subsidiaries. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests is shown in the consolidated statements of operations and the value of net assets owned by noncontrolling interests are presented as a component of equity within the balance sheets.
Use of Estimates and Judgments
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reporting amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Significant estimates and judgments relied upon in preparing these consolidated financial statements include accounting for business combinations, inventory valuations, assumptions used to determine the fair value of stock-based compensation, and intangible assets and goodwill. The Company regularly assesses these estimates and records change in estimates in the period in which they become known. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from those estimates or assumptions.
Business Combinations
The Company recognizes identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at fair value on the date of acquisition. Goodwill is measured as the excess of consideration transferred over the net fair values of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed and represents the expected future economic benefits arising from other assets acquire in the business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized. While the Company uses its best estimates and assumptions as part of the purchase price allocation process to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date, its estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. As a result, during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, the Company records adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with a corresponding offset to goodwill to the extent that it identifies adjustments to the preliminary purchase price allocation. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to the consolidated statements of operations.
Asset Purchases
The Company accounts for an acquisitive transaction determined to be an asset purchase based on the cost accumulation and allocation method, under which the costs to purchase the asset or set of assets are allocated to the assets acquired. No goodwill is recorded in connection with an asset purchase.
Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity date of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The fair values of these investments approximate their carrying values.
At each of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had $0.1 million of cash held in escrow.
The Company’s cash and cash equivalents are maintained with recognized financial institutions located in the United States. In the normal course of business, the Company may carry balances with certain financial institutions that exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced losses on balances in excess of such limits and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks in that regard.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts of the Company's financial instruments approximate their fair values and include cash equivalents, accounts receivable, deferred rents receivable, notes receivable, investments, term loan, mortgages and notes payable, and accounts payable.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participant would use in pricing an asset or a liability. The three-tier fair value hierarchy is based on the level of independent, objective evidence surrounding the inputs used to measure fair value. A financial instrument's categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The fair value hierarchy is as follows:
•Level 1. Level 1 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
•Level 2. Level 2 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace, such as quoted price for similar assets or liabilities in active markets or quoted price for identical assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets).
•Level 3. Level 3 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable consist of trade receivables, and are carried at their estimated collectible amounts.
The Company provides credit to its clients in the form of payment terms. The Company limits its credit risk by performing credit evaluations of its clients and maintaining a reserve, if deemed necessary, for potential credit losses. Such evaluations include the review of a client’s outstanding balances with consideration towards such client’s historical collection experience, as well as prevailing economic and market conditions and other factors. Based on such evaluations, the Company maintained reserves of $0.8 million and $4.6 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Inventory
Inventory is carried at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with the cost being determined on a first-in, first-out basis. The Company allocates a certain percentage of overhead cost to its manufactured inventory; such allocation is based on square footage and other industry-standard criteria. The Company reviews physical inventory for obsolescence and/or excess and will record a reserve if necessary. As of the date of this report, no reserve was deemed necessary.
Investments
Investments are comprised of equity holdings of public companies. These investments are recorded at fair value on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet, with changes to fair value included in income. Investments are evaluated for permanent impairment and are written down if such impairments are deemed to have occurred.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, Revenue from Contract with Customers ("ASC 606"), as amended by subsequently issued Accounting Standards Updates. ASC 606 requires an entity to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that it expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The recognition of revenue is determined by performing the following consecutive steps:
•identify the contract(s) with a customer;
•identify the performance obligations in the contract(s);
•determine the transaction price;
•allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract(s); and
•recognize revenue as the performance obligation is satisfied.
Additionally, when another party is involved in providing goods or services to the Company’s clients, a determination is made as to who—the Company or the other party—is acting in the capacity as the principal in the sale transaction, and who is merely the agent arranging for goods or services to be provided by the other party.
The Company is typically considered the principal if it controls the specified good or service before such good or service is transferred to its client. The Company may also be deemed to be the principal even if it engages another party (an agent) to satisfy some of the performance obligations on its behalf, provided the Company (i) takes on certain responsibilities, obligations and risks, (ii) possesses certain abilities and discretion, or (iii) other relevant indicators of the sale. If deemed an agent, the Company would not recognize revenue for the performance obligations it does not satisfy.
The Company’s main sources of revenue are comprised of the following:
•Product sales (retail and wholesale) – direct sales of cannabis and cannabis-infused products by the Company’s retail dispensaries and wholesale operations. This revenue is recognized when products are delivered or at retail points-of-sale.
•Real estate rental income – rental income generated from leasing of the Company’s state-of-the-art, regulatory-compliant cannabis facilities to its cannabis-licensed clients. Rental income is generally a fixed amount per month that escalates over the respective lease terms. Prior to the third quarter of 2022, the Company charged additional rental fees based on a percentage of tenant revenue that exceeded specific amounts; these incremental rental fees were eliminated in connection with new contract negotiations with the Company's client.
•Supply procurement – resale of cultivation and production resources, supplies and equipment that the Company has acquired from top national vendors at discounted prices to its client and third parties within the cannabis industry. The Company recognizes this revenue after the delivery and acceptance of goods by the purchaser.
•Management fees – fees for providing the Company’s cannabis clients with comprehensive oversight of their cannabis cultivation, production and dispensary operations. Prior to the third quarter of 2022, these fees were based on a percentage of such clients’ revenue and are recognized after services have been performed; these fees were eliminated in connection with new contract negotiations with the Company's client.
•Licensing fees – revenue from the licensing of the Company's branded products, including Betty's Eddies, Bubby's Baked, Vibations and Kalm Fusion, to wholesalers and to regulated dispensaries throughout the United States and Puerto Rico. The Company recognizes this revenue when the products are delivered.
Research and Development Costs
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.
Advertising Costs
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation, with depreciation recognized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset or the lease term, if applicable. When assets are retired or disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any resulting gains or losses are included in income. Repairs and maintenance are charged to expense in the period incurred. The estimated useful lives of property and equipment are generally as follows: buildings and building improvements, to forty years; tenant improvements, the lesser of the remaining duration of the related lease or the asset useful life; furniture and fixtures, to ten years; machinery and equipment, to ten years. Land is not depreciated.
Software development costs associated with internal use software are incurred in three stages of development: the preliminary project stage, the application development stage and the post-implementation stage. Costs incurred during the preliminary project and post-implementation stages are expensed as incurred. Certain qualifying costs incurred during the application development stage are capitalized as property and equipment. Internal use software is amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life of to seven years, beginning when the software is ready for its intended use.
The Company’s property and equipment are individually reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable from the undiscounted future cash flows of such asset over the anticipated holding period. An impairment loss is measured by the excess of the asset’s carrying amount over its estimated fair value. Impairment analyses are based on management’s current plans, asset holding periods, and currently available market information. If these criteria change, the Company’s evaluation of impairment losses may be different and could have a material impact to the consolidated financial statements. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, based on the results of management’s impairment analyses, there were no impairment losses.
Intangible Assets and Goodwill
The Company's intangible assets are comprised of trade names and trademarks, license and customer and non-compete agreements. Intangible assets are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable based upon the estimated undiscounted cash flows. Recoverability of intangible assets with estimated lives and other long-lived assets is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset or asset group to future net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset or asset group. If these comparisons indicate that an asset is not recoverable, the Company will recognize an impairment loss for the amount by which the carrying value of the asset or asset group exceeds the related estimated fair value. Estimated fair value is based on either discounted future operating cash flows or appraised values, depending on the nature of the asset. The Company amortizes its intangible assets over their respective useful lives. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, there was no impairment of goodwill.
Leases
Arrangements that are determined to be leases with a term greater than one year are accounted for by the recognition of right-of-use assets that represent the Company's right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities that represent the Company's obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Non-lease components within lease agreements are accounted for separately.
Right-of-use assets and obligations are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term, utilizing the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. The Company’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
The Company evaluates the recoverability of its fixed assets and other assets in accordance with ASC 360-10-15, Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. Impairment of long-lived assets is recognized when the net book value of
such assets exceeds their expected cash flows, in which case the assets are written down to fair value, which is determined based on discounted future cash flows or appraised values.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company's stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense over the requisite service period, which generally corresponds with the vesting period. The Company uses the Black-Scholes valuation model for estimating the fair value of stock options on the date of grant. The fair value of stock option and warrant issuances is affected by the Company's stock price on the issuance date as well as valuation assumptions, including the volatility of the Company's common stock price, expected term of the option, risk-free interest rate and expected dividends.
The expected life of an instrument is calculated using the simplified method, which allows for using the mid-point between the vesting date and expiration date. The volatility factors are based on the historical two-year movement of the Company’s common stock prior to an instrument’s issuance date. The risk-free interest rate is based on United States Treasury rates with maturity periods similar to the expected instruments life on the issuance date.
The Company amortizes the fair value of option, warrant issuances and restricted stock units on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of each instrument.
Extinguishment of Liabilities
The Company accounts for extinguishment of liabilities in accordance with ASC 405-20, Extinguishments of Liabilities. When the conditions for extinguishment are met, the liabilities are written down to zero and a gain or loss is recognized.
Income Taxes
The Company uses the asset and liability method to account for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recorded for the future tax consequences of differences between the tax basis and financial reporting basis of assets and liabilities, measured using enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance to the extent management concludes it is more likely than not that the assets will not be realized. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations in the period that includes the enactment date.
ASC 740 prescribes a comprehensive model for how companies should recognize, measure, present, and disclose in their financial statements uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. The Company recognizes in the financial statements the benefit of a tax position which is "more likely than not" to be sustained under examination based solely on the technical merits of the position, assuming a review by tax authorities having all relevant information. Tax positions that meet the recognition threshold are measured using a cumulative probability approach, at the largest amount of tax benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon settlement. The Company's policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to the unrecognized tax benefits, if any, as a component of income tax expense.
Certain of the Company’s subsidiaries, due to their cannabis activities, are subject to the provisions of Section 280E of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended, which prohibits businesses from deducting certain expenses associated with the trafficking of controlled substances within the meaning of Schedule I and II of the Controlled Substances Act. Such non-deductibility of certain ordinary business expenses results in permanent differences and can cause the Company’s effective tax rate to be highly variable and not necessarily correlated with pre-tax income.
Related Party Transactions
The Company follows ASC 850, Related Party Disclosures, for the identification of related parties and disclosure of related party transactions. In accordance with ASC 850, the Company’s financial statements include disclosures of material related party transactions, other than compensation arrangements, expense allowances, and other similar items in the ordinary course of business, as well as transactions that are eliminated in the preparation of financial statements.
Comprehensive Income
The Company reports comprehensive income and its components following guidance set forth by ASC 220, Comprehensive Income, which establishes standards for the reporting and display of comprehensive income and its components in the consolidated financial statements. There were no items of comprehensive income applicable to the Company during the periods covered in the financial statements.
Commitments and Contingencies
The Company regularly assesses the likelihood that a loss will be incurred from the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more future events. Such assessment inherently involves an exercise of judgment. In assessing possible loss contingencies from legal proceedings or unasserted claims, the Company evaluates the perceived merits of such proceedings or claims, and of the relief sought or expected to be sought.
If the assessment of a contingency indicates that it is probable that a material loss will be incurred and the amount of the liability can be estimated, then the estimated liability would be accrued in the Company’s financial statements. If the assessment indicates that a potentially material loss contingency is not probable but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability and an estimate of the range of possible losses, if determinable and material, would be disclosed. Loss contingencies considered remote are generally not disclosed unless they involve guarantees, in which case the guarantees would be disclosed.
While not assured, management does not believe, based upon information available at this time, that any loss contingency will have material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Risk and Uncertainties
The Company is subject to risks common to companies operating within the legal and medical cannabis industries, including, but not limited to, federal laws, government regulations and jurisdictional laws.
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
The Company does not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
The Company has reviewed all recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements, and does not believe the future adoption of any such pronouncements will have a material impact on its financial condition or the results of its operations.
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